Quick answer: This page gathers the 22 lessons of chemistry grades 11-12 (A Level · IB · Class 11-12), one per chapter: ionisation energy, ideal gas equation, VSEPR theory, intermolecular forces, periodicity, enthalpy changes, rate equations, chemical equilibrium and 14 more. Each lesson gives a quick answer, worked examples, diagrams and key points, with a free PDF download. Written by a team of 12 qualified science teachers.
All the chemistry grades 11-12 lessons are on this page, chapter by chapter: each lesson gives a quick answer, worked examples and diagrams, with a free PDF download. Back to the chemistry grades 11-12 overview.
Chemistry grades 11-12 lessons by chapter
Chemistry 11-12 lessons
Clear science lessons with diagrams, laws, formulas and worked examples.
Orbitals, configurations and ionisation energy patterns
Learn s, p and d orbitals, electron configurations and ionisation energy trends, with worked examples, a graph of successive values and a full worksheet.
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Moles, formulae, gas volumes and atom economy
Ideal gas equation notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): master moles, empirical and molecular formulae, pV = nRT and atom economy with worked examples, graphs.
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Predicting molecular shape, bond angles and polarity
VSEPR theory notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn VSEPR theory, bond angles, lone pairs, electronegativity and molecular polarity with diagrams.
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London, dipole and hydrogen bond attractions between molecules
Intermolecular forces notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): understand London forces, dipole-dipole forces and hydrogen bonding and how they set boiling points.
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Period 3 trends in radius, energy and melting
Periodicity notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn period 3 trends: atomic radius.
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Heat changes, energy cycles and bond enthalpies
Enthalpy changes notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn enthalpy changes, calorimetry with q = mcΔT.
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Orders, rate constants and activation energy
Rate equations notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn rate equations, orders of reaction, units of k, half-life.
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Equilibrium constants and shifting equilibria
Chemical equilibrium notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn dynamic equilibrium, Kc and Kp expressions.
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Strong and weak acids, pH and buffer solutions
Acids pH buffers notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn Brønsted–Lowry acids, Ka and pKa, the pH of strong and weak acids, buffers and titration curves.
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Oxidation numbers and balancing redox equations
Redox reactions notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn oxidation numbers, half-equations and balancing redox equations in acid and alkali.
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Galvanic cells, electrode potentials and electrolysis
Electrochemical cells notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): understand galvanic cells, electrode potentials, E°cell.
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Entropy, Gibbs energy and reaction feasibility
Entropy Gibbs energy notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn entropy, ΔS, Gibbs free energy ΔG = ΔH − TΔS, feasibility and the link to K.
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Reactivity trends in group 2 and the halogens
Group 2 and halogens notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn the trends in group 2 and the halogens for A Level and IB: reactions, solubility.
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Colour, complexes and catalysis in the d-block
Transition metals explained for A Level and IB: electron configurations, ligands, complex ion shapes, colour, catalysis and titrations with worked examples.
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Naming organic compounds and their isomers
Organic nomenclature notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn IUPAC naming, structural isomers.
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Radical and nucleophilic substitution reactions
Halogenoalkanes notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn free radical substitution, nucleophilic substitution.
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Alkenes: double bonds and addition reactions
Electrophilic addition notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn alkene structure, electrophilic addition, Markovnikov's rule.
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Oxidising alcohols and testing carbonyl compounds
Oxidation of alcohols notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn how primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols oxidise, how to tell aldehydes from ketones.
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Making and reacting esters and acyl chlorides
Esterification notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn esterification, ester hydrolysis.
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Benzene structure and electrophilic substitution
Benzene notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): benzene structure, evidence for delocalisation and electrophilic substitution (nitration, halogenation.
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Amines, amino acids and condensation polymers in action
Amines and polymers notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn why amines are basic, how amino acids form zwitterions.
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Solving structures with mass, IR and NMR spectra
Spectroscopy notes (Chemistry grades 11-12): learn to read mass spectra, infrared bands and proton and carbon-13 NMR data.
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