Quick answer: This page gathers the 20 lessons of chemistry grades 9-10 (GCSE · IGCSE · O Level · Class 9-10), one per chapter: atomic structure, electron arrangement, periodic table groups, ionic bonding, covalent bonding, metallic bonding, balancing equations, mole calculations and 12 more. Each lesson gives a quick answer, worked examples, diagrams and key points, with a free PDF download. Written by a team of 12 qualified science teachers.
All the chemistry grades 9-10 lessons are on this page, chapter by chapter: each lesson gives a quick answer, worked examples and diagrams, with a free PDF download. Back to the chemistry grades 9-10 overview.
Chemistry grades 9-10 lessons by chapter
Chemistry 9-10 lessons
Clear science lessons with diagrams, laws, formulas and worked examples.
Inside the atom: particles and isotopes
Atomic structure notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn protons, neutrons and electrons, atomic and mass numbers, isotopes and relative atomic mass.
Read the lesson →
Shells, groups and the periodic table
Electron arrangement notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn how electrons fill shells 2,8,8, how that sets group and period.
Read the lesson →
Alkali metals, halogens and noble gases
Periodic table groups notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn the trends in Group 1, Group 7 and Group 0.
Read the lesson →
How ions bond: transfer and lattices
Ionic bonding notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn how ions form, how to draw dot-and-cross diagrams.
Read the lesson →
How atoms share electrons in covalent bonds
Covalent bonding notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn how covalent bonds form, draw dot-and-cross diagrams.
Read the lesson →
Ions in a sea of electrons
Metallic bonding notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): understand metallic bonding as ions in a sea of delocalised electrons, and explain conductivity.
Read the lesson →
Writing formulae and balancing equations
Balancing equations notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn to write formulae from ion charges, add state symbols.
Read the lesson →
Counting atoms with the mole
Mole calculations notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn what the mole is, how to find molar mass.
Read the lesson →
Using equations to find masses and yields
Reacting masses notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn reacting masses: use mole ratios, find the limiting reactant.
Read the lesson →
How acids, bases and salts behave
Understand acids, bases and salts: pH and H⁺ ions, neutralisation, making soluble salts, and the difference between strong and weak acids, for GCSE and IGCS
Read the lesson →
Finding concentration by titration
Titration notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn titration: burette technique, end point.
Read the lesson →
Metals by reactivity and how we extract them
Reactivity series notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn the reactivity series, displacement and redox.
Read the lesson →
Splitting compounds with electricity
Electrolysis notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn electrolysis for GCSE and IGCSE: cathode and anode, half equations, products from solutions.
Read the lesson →
Heat in and out of reactions
Energy changes notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn exothermic and endothermic reactions for GCSE and IGCSE: reaction profiles.
Read the lesson →
How fast do reactions go?
Rates of reaction notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn rates of reaction for GCSE and IGCSE: collision theory, effect of temperature, concentration.
Read the lesson →
Reactions that go both ways
Chemical equilibrium notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn reversible reactions and equilibrium for GCSE and IGCSE: dynamic equilibrium.
Read the lesson →
Splitting crude oil into alkanes and alkenes
Crude oil and hydrocarbons notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn how fractional distillation splits crude oil, how cracking makes alkenes.
Read the lesson →
Alcohols, acids, esters and polymers explained
Alcohols and carboxylic acids notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn alcohols, carboxylic acids, esters and polymers for GCSE and IGCSE chemistry.
Read the lesson →
Identifying substances with chemical tests
Chemical analysis notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn chemical analysis for GCSE and IGCSE: purity, chromatography and Rf, flame tests.
Read the lesson →
Air, pollution and clean water resources
Atmosphere and Earth resources notes (Chemistry grades 9-10): learn the composition of air, greenhouse gases, air pollutants.
Read the lesson →